Ostrich Facts Habitat, Behavior, Diet

The sole member of its order of birds, the ostrich (Struthio camelus) is the tallest and heaviest living bird. Though flightless, ostriches, which are native to Africa, can sprint at speeds of up to 45 mph and jog for extended distances at a sustained pace of 30 mph. Ostriches  have the largest eyes of any living terrestrial vertebrate, and their  3-pound eggs  are the largest produced by any living bird. In addition to all this, the male ostrich is one of the few birds on Earth to possess a functioning penis. Fast Facts: The Ostrich Scientific Name: Struthio camelusCommon Names: The common ostrichBasic Animal Group: BirdSize: 5 feet 7  inches tall to 6 feet 7 inches tallWeight: 200–300 poundsLifespan: 40–50 yearsDiet: OmnivoreHabitat: Africa, including deserts, semi-arid plains, savannas, and open woodlandsPopulation: UnknownConservation Status:  Vulnerable Description Ostriches  are the largest birds alive today, with adults weighing between 200 to 300 pounds. Adult males attain a height of up to 6 feet 7 inches tall; females are slightly smaller. Their immense body size and small wings make them incapable of flying. Ostriches have a remarkable tolerance to heat, withstanding temperatures up to 132 degrees Fahrenheit without much stress. Ostriches have been domesticated for only about 150 years, and are truly only partly domesticated, or, rather, are only domesticated for a short period of their lives. Ostriches belong to a clan (but not order) of flightless birds known as the ratites. Ratites have smooth breastbones lacking keels, the bone structures to which flight muscles would normally be attached. Other birds classified as ratites include cassowaries, kiwis, moas, and emus. Habitat and Range Ostriches live in Africa and thrive in a wide variety of habitats, including deserts, semi-arid plains, savannas, and open woodlands. During their five-month breeding season, these flightless  birds form flocks of five to 50 individuals, often intermingling with grazing mammals such as zebras and antelopes. When breeding season is over, this larger flock breaks down into small groups of two to five birds that care for the newborn hatchlings. Diet and Behavior Ostriches are omnivores, and thus eat mostly plant material, though at times they may also feed on insects and small vertebrates. Although they prefer plants—particularly roots, seeds, and leaves—they also eat locusts, lizards, snakes, and rodents. They have even been known to eat sand and pebbles, which helps them grind up their food inside their gizzard, a small pouch where food is crushed and ripped up before it reaches the stomach.   Ostriches dont need to drink water; they get all the water they need from the plants they eat. However, they will drink if they come across a watering hole. Reproduction and Offspring Male ostriches are called cocks or roosters, and females are called hens. A group of ostriches is called a flock. Flocks can consist of up to 100 birds, though most have 10 members, according to the San Diego Zoo. The group has a dominant male and a dominant female and several other females. Lone males come and go during mating season. Ostriches lay 3-pound eggs, which measure some 6 inches in length and 5 inches in diameter, making them the title of largest egg produced by any living bird. Males and females sit on the eggs until they hatch, between 42 and 46 days.  Male and female ostriches share the responsibility of raising their young. Ostrich offspring are larger than any other bird baby. At birth, chicks can be as big as chickens. rontav/Getty Images Conservation Status According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, ostriches are considered to be vulnerable and their population is declining, though their population is unknown. The Somali ostrich, in particular, is thought to be in rapid decline. The San Diego Zoo notes that although not threatened, the ostrich requires strict protection and farming to conserve the remaining wild populations. Sources Bradford, Alina. â€Å"Ostrich Facts: The Worlds Largest Bird.†Ã‚  LiveScience, Purch, 17 Sept. 2014.â€Å"Ostrich.†Ã‚  San Diego Zoo Global Animals and Plants.â€Å"Frequently Asked Questions.†Ã‚  Frequently Asked Questions - American Ostrich Association.â€Å"The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.†Ã‚  IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.

What is Interaction Design - 1861 Words

In this essay I am going to analyse and investigate the concept of interaction design, and I will present it through the examination of its multiple applications in our society. The juxtaposition and the comparison of different interactive design pieces, produced by a series of similar practitioners working in the industry, will provide a keen insight about how interaction design could be employed in the development of a design outcome, while presenting at the same time how the role of a singular user, or more generally of an audience, could influence the interactive process with a specific piece. The persistent presence and regular use of technology in our daily life, particularly in interactive kiosks, rather than digital platforms located in public spaces as museums for example, has driven me in the selection of this specific topic as I believe it is strongly related to the profession and discipline of visual communication (more precisely graphic design and visual story telling). It also demonstrates how digital techniques or automated/computerised procedures are repeatedly and frequently employed in the design execution of a professional. Interaction design was initially introduced few decades ago with the first appearance of digital interactive systems. As previously introduced, computerised platforms created for museums (adopted for example to plan and select a possible route to follow for a visitor, rather than displaying a certain range of informations in orderShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Interaction Design2260 Words   |  10 PagesInteraction Design Christophe De Pelsemaker 3BA - Grafische Vormgeving Sint-Lukas Brussel 2011-2012 Content What is interaction design? Designers My principles of (interaction) design Sources Tamer Nakisci Namahn p. 3 p. 3 p. 3 p. 4 p. 4 p. 6 What is interaction design? Interaction design is the structure and behavior of interactive systems. Designers working with interaction design try to create relationships between people, products and the services they use. Not only speaking fromRead MoreA Research on Interaction Design750 Words   |  3 PagesWithin this essay i will be writing about interaction design i will cover my chosen subject in detail via the extensive research i have gathered. I will define and analyse interaction design using key examples of this design practise both historical and contemporary. I have chosen to focus my essay on interaction design as I’ve recently finished a project on wave two witch my final out come was a design/ prototype for an interactive phone application that allowed the user to get advise on editingRead MoreDesign of Multi-Agent Systems881 Words   |  4 PagesDesign of MAS In multi agent systems, there are four basic elements that collaborate to build the design of the system. 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As a user-centred method which exclude real users from the main design process [2], this distinctive design method has been controversial for decades. Personas has been considered and validated beneficial by numerous researchers since 1999, in consonance with their studies and practices [3]. Among positive opinions, what ranks first is that personas specify the design teams’ focus from abstract users to specific target users, beneficial to produce uniform design goals [3]Read More2.3 Cognitive, Social And Emotional Issues . 2.3.1 Cognitive1016 Words   |  5 Pages2.3 Cognitive, social and emotional issues 2.3.1 Cognitive aspects Miter 10 website design contains cognitive aspects which reflect on attention, perception and recognition, memory, learning, reading, planning and decision making. Attention On the homepage, the designer put the most important part which is DIY with some interesting pictures at the top of the page. This design can easily attract users’ attention. 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Much of the existing research around designing for trust online focuses on increasing users’ trust. Researchers Riegelsberger, Sasse, and McCarthy (2005) instead decided to design a framework focusing on factors that lead the â€Å"trusted actor† (service provider) to act in a trustworthy manner. The design

Themes in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Essay

To kill a mockingbird written by Harper Lee. Themes are the subject of a talk, a piece of writing or a persons thoughts. There are many themes present in this great American classic such as courage, racism, prejudice, morality and of course coming of age. Lee communicates these themes with characters, events that unfold and the scenarios that Jem and Scout have to face. One of many themes that is evidently present throughout the book is prejudice. The main action is of Atticus defending the innocent ‘Tom Robinson’ who is falsely accused of the rape of a white girl. Tom is discriminated because of the colour of his skin and 99% of the population of Maycomb see nothing wrong with thinking in this way. All except the Finches really. Being†¦show more content†¦When you write about a family with two young children obviously you can expect ‘coming of age’ themes to be prevalent in the text. Scout Finch is not your average 10 year old girl, she is not afra id to voice her opinions with her actual voice and her fists. Atticus tells her that this trait is not very proper and she should consider other peoples views before concluding her own. â€Å"Climb into another person’s skin and walk around in it† is what Atticus told Scout. From then onwards in most scenarios, that would have otherwise ended in physical violence in the past, see clenched her fists wanting to fight but walked away. To have truly ‘come of age’ they will have to take the moral advice given to them by their father and apply it to all real life situations. Scout would remember those words and walk away showing signs of maturity and ultimately that she has come of age. If only more people had followed this advice when considering Tom Robinson. Injustice is a theme that Lee portrays through Tom Robinson’s case and both Jem and Scout have trouble getting to grips with the fact that an innocent man is going to jail for a crime he clearly did not commit. The fact that good people can still suffer injustice is difficult to take on at such a tender age. However, the two understand the situation and although they are not happy with the result they are ‘coming of age’ andShow MoreRelatedThemes Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee939 Words   |  4 PagesSharon Yin Mrs. Reynolds English 9H 8 March 2015 Themes Foreshadowed in the First Chapter The first pages of a novel often introduce the major topics of the work, which is exactly what author Harper Lee did. The first chapter of To Kill a Mockingbird creates a basis and foreshadows the major themes that play out during the rest of the novel; themes such as prejudice, childhood and growing up, small town southern life, and bravery. One of the most crucial motifs in this novel is prejudice. TheRead MoreThe Mockingbird Theme in To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee1047 Words   |  5 Pages This novel by Harper Lee has a seemingly curious title to a reader who looks at it in a literal way. Someone may argue that there are no mockingbirds in To Kill a Mockingbird but I beg to differ. An actual mockingbird may not play a large role in this story however the idea and connotation of a mockingbird becomes evident throughout the story in many characters. This is a major theme in the story and is shown through the characters Boo Radley, Mr. Raymond, and Tom Robinson all connected in the factRead MoreTheme Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee2681 Words   |  11 PagesHonors III 01 June 2015 Independent Novel Project To Kill A Mocking Bird Knowledge Section Significance of Title The title of the book is â€Å"To Kill a Mocking Bird† which is a bird that Atticus told Jem not to shoot at, and Ms. Maudie has described as the one type of bird that shouldn’t be killed because it sings beautifully (119). Also Atticus told Jem that it’s a sin to shoot a mockingbird, and so the title â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird† means to kill innocence (119). There are several characters in theRead MoreAnalysis Of Theme Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1765 Words   |  8 PagesAnalysis Of Themes In To Kill A Mockingbird The novel To Kill A Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, published in 1960, comes out during a flourishing time of tremendous segregation and injustices in the United States. In fact, during this time in America, Civil Rights Movement are at their peak; also, some residents are pushing for equality for all, during this time period. One of those United States citizens who is exposing the South for what it truly is, is Harper Lee. Harper Lee, born on April 28, 1926Read MoreMajor Themes in To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee989 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee takes place in Maycomb, Alabama in 1903. This novel is basically a coming of age story for a young girl named Scout and her older brother named Jem. Who grows up in a time where racism is normal. They soon learn to stand up for what is right, just like their dad, Atticus. The Coexistence of Good and Evil The most important theme of To Kill a Mockingbird is the Coexistence of good and evil. The novel approaches this theme in many ways throughoutRead MoreMaturation Theme In To Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1609 Words   |  7 PagesMaturation Theme To Kill A Mockingbird â€Å"Maturity is not measured by age. It’s an attitude built by experience.† This quotation says of how you don’t mature by aging and growing older but maturing by understanding situations and events you are found in and how you deal with those challenges or problems. The definition of maturity is to â€Å"have attained a final or desired state.† This means that although some don’t mature ever in life it is of something every human being must do to properly work inRead MoreTheme Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1013 Words   |  5 Pages1. Jean Louise Finch is a young tomboy who lives with her father and brother in Maycomb County, Alabama. 2. To Kill a Mockingbird sets in Maycomb County, Alabama, and takes place during the Great Depression Era. 3. After Bob Ewell accuses Tom Robinson of raping his daughter, Mayella, Atticus is chosen to represent and defend Tom at his trial. 4. The theme of To Kill a Mockingbird is that we should not judge people by their appearance, nor pick on people who don’t cause any harm, because it wouldRead MoreThemes Found in Harper Lee ´s To Kill a Mockingbird843 Words   |  3 Pages 20160752 To Kill A Mockingbird James P. Krehbiel once said â€Å"Inevitably, if we are to grow and change as adults, we must gradually learn to confront the challenges, paradoxes, problems and painful reality of an insecure world.† In Harper Lee’s book, To Kill A Mockingbird, Harper lee sends many messages to the reader. Set in a fictitious town in Alabama in the 1930’s, one obvious theme is racism. However, while racism was the most obvious theme, it wasn’t the only one; other themes included innocenceRead MoreHow Does Harper Lee Present the Theme of Courage in to Kill a Mockingbird1048 Words   |  5 PagesHow Does Harper Lee Present The Theme Of Courage In To Kill A Mockingbird Harper lee presents the theme of courage through several of the characters within TKAM, such as Scout, Atticus, Calpurnia, and Mrs Dubose. Within the book courage is shown in different ways such as Scout’s innocence and naivety or Atticus’ reluctance to carry out an action but still having to carry it out. One character to show courage is Atticus who shows courage twice as he shoots Tim Johnson and stands up to the lynchRead MoreESSAY: The theme of human dignity in the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee.1501 Words   |  7 Pageseye. Thus, ones dignity would be decided based on societys opinion of them. In the novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, the theme of human dignity is portrayed by Scout, Calpurnia, and Atticus. This essay will analyze the theme of human dignity and describe how this novel proves that all people, regardless of race, social status, and family history are people of worth. Scout depicts the theme of human dignity by following Atticus words of wisdom and putting them to use in her everyday

The King James Bible Remains The Most Significant Book

The King James Bible remains the most significant book of all English literature to date, however, a substantial part of the population appears to be ignorant of the history of Bible translation. In this essay, the reader will go through some of the principal names in the history of Bible translation. Particularly important questions will be answered such as, â€Å"What are the consequences that ran upwards to the translation of these texts?† â€Å"What are the pros and cons of this translation?†, in addition â€Å"Is this translation an accurate report of what the original authors wrote?† By the end of this essay, the reader will possess a universal understanding of the development of Christianity’s beloved translation of The Bible. If one is to†¦show more content†¦He became a chaplain in the house of Sir John Walsh in 1521. He had studied at both Oxford and Cambridge and was a strong supporter of the movement for reform in the Church, he thought the Bible should be accessible to everyone, not just the choice few who could understand it in Latin. While knowing that it was illegal for him to translate the Bible into English he went into hiding: with the help of Humphrey Monmouth, a merchant of sorts, he left England under an assumed name and landed in Hamburg in 1524. He hoped to continue working on his translation and he sought help from Martin Luther at Wittenberg. About a year after his New Testament was complete copies were being trafficked into England. Tyndale was branded a Heretic by the Roman Catholic Church and he began translating the Old Testament into English from the original Hebrew. Tyndale remained unable to finish the translation subsequently he was deceived by a friend named Henry Phill ips. Tyndale was tried and convicted of treason and heresy, on October 6th, 1536 he was strangled, then burned at the stake for his efforts. His final words were Lord, open the King of England s eyes. Several other translations were written after Tyndale’s one published in 1535 a year before Tyndale’s death called the â€Å"Coverdale Bible† writtenShow MoreRelatedThe Infancy Gospel Of James1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe Infancy Gospel of James, otherwise known as the Protoevangelium Gospel of James, begins by introducing part of Mary’s lineage. It informs the reader of Joachim and Anna, Mary’s parents. Joachim is known to be a very rich and generous man with his money, but is prevented from offering gifts to Israel because he has yet to produce offspring for Israel. Joachim decides that he will go into the desert and fast and pray in the effort to receive a message from God about offspring. He is recorded asRead MoreChristianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, And Judaism1644 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor belief systems and their views, diversity between them is apparent. These multiplicities range from Hindus who acknowledge multitudes of gods to Muslims wh o believe in one God, Allah. Although the variety of beliefs and practices exist their remains some central concepts such as the belief that one being will bring about the unification of religions. For example, Buddhists belief they will experience the coming of Maitrya, Hindus believe in coming of the Kalki Avata, the Jews and ChristiansRead MoreEthics and Technology1492 Words   |  6 Pagesare bringing our plants into the laboratory in the hope to cultivate a better species. No matter how we see it, technology now dictates the pace of our lives, and we must adopt and move fast in order not to be left behind. Several questions however remains, does technology influence us so much that it even affects even the core of our humanity? Does technology also dictate our values, morals and ethics? Accompanied by these questions is the responsibility for us to make decisions within the boundaryRead MoreArgument Paper About Gay Marriage2151 Words   |  9 Pagesrelationship, set up by co mmon or religious function, between two individuals who expect to live respectively as sexual and residential accomplices. Regularly this is between a man and a woman, in incredibly, before their families, to vow to spend whatever remains of their lives together. As times keep on evolving far and wide so has the thought and laws concerning marriage. Marriage is no more pretty much a man and a woman committing themselves to each other forever, it now envelops, gay and lesbians alsoRead MoreDiscuss The Critical Pentateuchal Authorship Arguments ( Fragmentary, Supplementary, And Documentary )3566 Words   |  15 Pagesauthorship arguments (fragmentary, supplementary, and documentary). Include the names of significant scholars. When it says ‘pentateuchal, it is talking about the first five books of the bible. These includes Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy; in that order. In the article Mosaic authorship of the Pentateuch from Theopedia.com says that not only are the first five books referred to as the ‘Books of Moses’ but there are a lot of different sources of support. For instance there areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Fall Of Man Essay2424 Words   |  10 Pagesthe Bible Dr. Oswald Nira October 9, 2016 Introduction The subject of this exegesis is the third chapter of Genesis with significant focus on passage 3:1-20. This passage is called the Fall of Man, within this text the biblical author is telling of the temptation of the Woman by the serpent. The author of the Book of Genesis is not identified. Traditionally, the author has always assumed to have been Moses. There is no conclusive reason to deny the Mosaic authorship of Genesis. The Book of GenesisRead More The Hebrew Exiles In Babylon Essay1820 Words   |  8 PagesJerusalem fell to the conquering Babylonians in 587 BC, most of what was important to the Hebrew people was gone. They lost their holy city, the Temple was destroyed, and the Davidic monarchy ended (Beasley 221). Following the destruction of Jerusalem, the Babylonian king, Nebuchadrezzar, deported most of the population to other cities, including Babylon. These exiles remained there for about fifty years until the Persian forces, under king Cyrus, took the city of Babylon in 539 BC. The Persian policiesRead MoreThe Seven Dimensions of Christianity1670 Words   |  7 Pagesis the bible, sure there are different forms including the King James Version or the New International Version, but they only vary in minor aspects when in reality they all pretty much have the same content. They believe that the scriptures are inspired by God and declare His design and plan for mankind. Christianity is different from Judaism and Islam when it comes to sacred places because it doesn’t really have a main place that is universal to all Christians like the other two. The bible is theRead MoreGENESIS AND ANCIENT MYTHS OF THE NEAR EAST930 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one approaches the biblical text, it is important to explore the cultural context in which the text occurs. With regard to the Book of Genesis, it is important to examine the writing with other contemporary works of similar geography and topics. The people of ancient Mesopotamia, where the oldest civiliza tions originated, produced a number of stories of creation and natural occurrences. It is important to note that many of the stories of the Sumerians, Akkadians and Hebrews began as oral traditionsRead MoreThe Infancy Gospel Of James2266 Words   |  10 PagesREL 3015 3 February 2015 The Infancy Gospel of James: Extracanonical Exposà © Controversial and â€Å"embellished†, the Infancy Gospels of James, otherwise known as the Protoevangelium of James, has an extensive history in the archaeological sources of early canonical Christian writings; yet, the precise date when it was first transcribed is unknown. However, scholars know of two other ancient manuscripts that seem to refer to the Protoevangelium of James. Origen and Clement of Alexandria both wrote

Gothic Motifs Of Bram Stoker s Dracula - 1165 Words

The novel Dracula is a very popular book that was written in the form of Gothic Literature. This novel was written by Bram Stoker in the Victorian Age. A large portion of this piece of writing deals with many famous Gothic motifs. Gothic Literature combines the usual Gothic horror with fiction and Romanticism (Wikipedia). A motif is a distinctive symbol or dominant idea used in literature. So therefore, a Gothic motif is a literary symbol that usually combines fiction with either horror or romance. Bram Stoker’s usage of Gothic motifs not only helps define Dracula as a piece of Gothic Literature, but also helps the reader become better acquainted with what is happening in the novel. Gothic motifs are found in many different forms in pieces of work, and if readers are already accustomed to these motifs, it makes reading Dracula clearer and easier. Stoker uses many different Gothic motifs throughout this novel, but there are only a few that are the more important and stand out f rom the rest. These motifs are: castles and strange places, power and constraint, and revenants. Castles and strange places are important motifs in Dracula because the entire first section of the story involves Johnathan Harker making a trip up to Castle Dracula in Transylvania―a very strange place. The Count’s castle in Dracula, like any other castle described in Gothic Literature, is viewed as an old, deserted structure of terror. Castles in this time period were thought of as haunted and imprisoning,Show MoreRelatedGothic Literature : Bram Stoker s Dracula913 Words   |  4 PagesGothic literature is dominated by gothic horror, for instance dark and mysterious objects or events. It is a type of literature that combines fiction, horror, and romanticism. As Bram Stoker wrote his famous novel, Dracula he makes sure to include many different characteristics of gothic literature. Three important motifs that are stated in Dracula which also fit into the gothic literature category would be; blood, dreaming or nightmares, and superstition. This particular novel has man y gothic motifsRead MoreTexts Can Be Modified or Appropriated to Suit Different Audiences or Purposes, Yet Still Remain Firmly Within the Genre. Discuss Stoker’s ‘Dracula’ and at Least One of the Films You Have Studied.1050 Words   |  5 Pagesremain firmly within the genre. Discuss Stoker’s ‘Dracula’ and at least one of the films you have studied. FW Murnau’s 1921 film Nosferatu is an appropriation of Bram Stoker’s 1897 novel Dracula. Despite it being an appropriation, explicit gothic conventions remain evident, which explore societal fears and values. These fears and values differ from Dracula, due to distinct contextual influences of different time periods. Stoker’s novel Dracula, presents the fear of female promiscuity, for whichRead MoreHow The Romantic Period Was Characterised By Political And Social Upheavals1318 Words   |  6 PagesThe Romantic period was characterised by political and social upheaval. The era marked England s shift from a largely agricultural society to a modern industrial nation. Moreover, the aristocracy s influence diminished, industry-owning middle classes grew. The Romantic epoch also witnesses revolution and war. First the American Civil War, followed by the French Revolution later. They brought concepts of popular freedom, and of the power of the proletariat. In England, these ideas were well receivedRead MoreDracula: An Epitome of the Gothic Novel2430 Words   |  10 PagesLiterature August 9, 2010 Dracula, by Bram Stoker, is quite the epitome of the gothic novel. Towards the beginning of the story, the setting takes place in an old and ominous castle, which is highly characteristic of gothic literature. Harker’s tribulation begins when â€Å"the driver was in the act of pulling up the horses in the courtyard of a vast ruined castle,† (Stoker 18). There is also a gloomy and menacing tone given to the setting of the novel, as in most pieces of gothic literature. This gloomRead MoreThe Gothic Elements Of Frankenstein922 Words   |  4 PagesBlake Sisson Mrs. Schroder Honors English IV December 8 2016 The Gothic Elements of Frankenstein Gothic novels are stories written in the gothic genre which is a literature genre of fiction characterized by an atmosphere of mystery and horror. This genre rose to, and flourished in, popularity during the 18th and 19th centuries. One of the most famous novels of this Genre is Frankenstein, also known as the Modern Prometheus, by Mary Shelley. Frankenstein is about a scientist who creates a grotesqueRead MoreHorror Movies : The Horror Movie Genre859 Words   |  4 Pagesbeginning gothic novels by literary works by Mary Shelley, Bram Stoker and Edgar Allan Poe inspired the horror movie genre. These literary works entertain us by teaching us about society or human behavior. When the Lemiere brothers created the film â€Å"Spook Tale† in 1895 it was the first telling of a scary story on film. It wasn’t until 1896 when Georges Melies created the film â€Å"The Manor of the Devil† making it the first horror film some experts argue. Often times there are themes or motifs fromRead MoreEnglish Literature in the Victorian Era2737 Words   |  11 PagesIm no lunatic man, Im a sane man fighting for his soul this quote from Bram Stoker’s- Dracula, illustrates and foreshadows that in the Victorian era, a quest for meaning was seen by the majority of society as ‘lunacy’, however the characters that Stoker uses, are represented ‘sane’, suggesting Stoker’s encouragement of a quest for meaning and purpose in the Victorian era of increasing uncertainty. Along with Stoker, Charles Dickens and Lord Alfred Tennyson also address the individual’s pursuit

Clifford Brown and Max Roach - Short Essay free essay sample

Clifford Brown is superb on rumple, building clear, precise melody lines with such authority and control for a mere 24 year old. As many have observed, to get from Louis Armstrong to modern trumpeters, in addition to Miles Davis, Fats Innovator and Lee Morgan, you have to give very serious consideration to Clifford Brown. His solos, for example on Duke Cordons Juror or on the three Clifford Brown originals, Audio, The Blues Walk and Joy Spring, now Jazz standards, are beautifully controlled yet expressive.Harold Land, much overlooked, plays fluid, sinuous saxophone and shares real understanding with Clifford Brown in the many unison passages before breaking out into inventive and innovative solos. Archie Powell and George Morrow on piano and bass add to the modern, open approach inspired by Max Roachs fine drumming. Before forming this quintet with Clifford Brown, Max Roach had already established a lasting place In the history of the development of Jazz, playing drums for Coleman Ha wkins and Dizzy Gillespie before appearing on nearly all of Charlie Parsers classic bebop recordings and on Miles Davits Birth of the Cool. We will write a custom essay sample on Clifford Brown and Max Roach Short Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He ransomed Jazz drumming, pioneering an open style with emphasis away from heavy use of bass drum towards more subtle development of cross rhythms on ride cymbal, high hat and snare rim. His prodigious technique virtually defined modern jazz drumming. This Is clearly the case on What Am I Here For? , the Duke Longtime composition, which also highlights how tight the ensemble playing Is. These Foolish Things, the sass show tune by Jack Strachey and Harold Link, showcases the bass playing of George Morrow, using bass as a lead Instrument, a further Innovation.Parisian Thoroughfare, the Bud Powell composition, Is perhaps the highlight, starting and finishing with a coy Impromptu Imitation of Parallax traffic sounds, It opens out Into a beautifully balanced and relaxed expression of the confidence and optimism of the meld fifties. In their two years together, the band toured extensively, heading East from Its West Coast Orleans, taking New York, Max Roachs adopted home town since the ag e of four, by storm. On that Journey, the music, as summed up by the final album At Basin Street, became faster and more uncompromising, losing much of the freshness of this first album. It was two years In which Clifford Brown emerged as an undisputed Jazz great and the Max Roach-Clifford Brown quintet set a standard for tight Improvised Jazz that has seldom been surpassed. Established a lasting place in the history of the development of Jazz, playing drums jazz drumming. This is clearly the case on What Am I Here For? , the Duke Longtime composition, which also highlights how tight the ensemble playing is. Showcases the bass playing of George Morrow, using bass as a lead instrument, a further innovation. Parisian Thoroughfare, the Bud Powell composition, is perhaps the highlight, tarring and finishing with a coy impromptu imitation of Parisian traffic sounds, it opens out into a beautifully balanced and relaxed expression of the confidence and optimism of the mid fifties. In their two years together, the band toured extensively, heading East from its West Coast origins, taking New York, Max Roachs adopted home town since the age Basin Street, became faster and more uncompromising, losing much of the freshness of this first album. It was two years in which Clifford Brown emerged as an tight improvised Jazz that has seldom been surpassed.

Game theory and the practice of bargaining - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Game theory and the practice of bargaining. Answer: Issues of negotiation in the context of labor issue: In order to manage disputes and make decisions one of the common approaches that can be considered is negotiation. The process of negotiation acted as an extensive method in alternative dispute resolution procedures (Schaerer et al.). In case of negotiation participants are required to identify the issues in order to educate themselves about the needs and interests by generating possible settlement thereby generating over the terms and conditions of final agreement (Chatterjee). In the present case study it is required to analyze the issues of negotiation by identifying the physiological, structural and tactical barrier to successful negotiation. The essay seeks to provide an understanding on the role of the power and trust in complex negotiations. The present case study is regarding an issue related to 200405 NHL lock-outs which engendered the repudiation of 88th season of National Hockey League (NHL). The National Hockey League led by Commissioner Gary Bettman, in an attempt to convince the players asked them to accept a salary structure which is likely to link the salaries of the players to league revenues which was defined by the league as cost certainty (Micieli and Micieli). However on July 2004, on the presentation of NHL Players Association (NHLPA) with six other concepts in order to attain cost certainty the concepts were believed to have originated from an obstinate salary cap similar to those used in National Football League (Hutchison et al.). Bettman stated that with the inclusion of a luxury tax that is similar to the one in Major League Baseball would not in any way satisfy the targets of cost certainty of the league. In this regard it caused the NHLPA to dispute the financial claims of the league. The six concep ts presented by the NHL were rejected by the union on the basis that such concepts contained salary caps in different forms. The contractual structure of the League was highly criticized by the players that overpaid many unproven players. It can be stated that though the numbers of NHL was disputed and criticized no questions were raised about the other franchises that lost their money and some of them went severely bankrupt. It can be stated that in order to emphasize on the issues of negotiation it is important to introduce a new concept in order to understand the reason behind successful negotiation. In the theory of negotiation Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA) has been used by most negotiators in determining the course of action in case an agreement has not reached within a certain frame of time (Kirk, Oettingen, and Gollwitzer). A well structured Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement acts as an essential insurance policy (McKibben). It can be stated that skilled negotiators are benefitted from the structure of a clearly defined BATNA which helps the negotiators to break off the negotiation. In the present scenario, for the purpose of Collective Bargaining Agreement both the parties had contradictory positions and interests. It is noteworthy to mention here that there was no scope for agreement and bargaining zone on every issue that aroused between the league and the NHLPA. However the NHLPA in this regard had different point of views. According to NHLPA moving out of negotiation is easier and is considered as a right decision when the nature of the negotiation is extremely complex. In this regard an individual can walk away from a negotiation due to various reason however if the BATNA becomes efficient then in such cases it is important to satisfy the needs of the issue (Kirk, Oettingen, and Gollwitzer). In this regard the National Hockey League (NHL) is a vast and well known organization to part away from negotiation. In the season of 2003-2004 the average player made less than 2 million dollars a year and the collective salaries of the players comprised more than 1.5 billion dollars. In this context it can be observed that such number would be marginally above by the next season. Identification of psychological, structural and tactical barrier: While discussing the effects of physiological, structural and tactical barrier to successful negotiation it is important to mention here that NHL has immense power in uniting people of different nations. Different perspectives of negotiation has been discussed however most of the majority wants hockey to be a part of the league and therefore the agreement on negotiation took place. It is noteworthy to mention here that there are barriers in all kinds of negotiations and such barriers tend to make the process of negotiation more complex. These three barriers can be classified as psychological, structural, and tactical. Firstly in regard to National Hockey Leagues Players Association it can be stated that the players felt confident when they thought that they will be represented well by Bob Goodenow. Bob Goodenow was a successful lawyer an experienced hockey player as he played hockey for Harvard and the Junior Wings. It can be observed that since time immemorial and from the beginning of dispute the players were totally confident. It can be seen that their claims were met in 1992, when they went on strike about marketing benefits and where the player became in full control only after conducting strike for 10 days. The Lock Out of 1904-1905 was emphasized on the financial issues of the league as well as it aimed to curb the growth of salaries. According to the owners they gained victory in the process however in general the players were the real winners. This reality irked the owners until the beginning of next Collective Bargaining Agreement negotiations. The supply of players in the market was low and the demand was still high. It can be observed that Bettman had the power to lock out the players as the old Collective Bargaining Agreement came to an expiry. It can be stated that in the presence of psychological and structural barriers there are tactical barriers to negotiations as well. In this regard one barrier was put up by the owners was when Bettman used a goblin of sorts. It was observed that during such dispute, a letter was written to the union by him expressing his thought that the owners needed modification of 19 additional aspects of the Collective Bargaining Agreement. This added to the complexity to the matter of negotiation. However such message was not well received by the union which only discouraged them when there was a point for cooperation. The decision to deny the owners request of a renegotiation was another tactical problem which created issues for the players. It is important to mention here that lifting these barriers is important while analyzing such kind of negotiation. Barriers have proved to be beneficial in providing assistance to the process of negotiation and understand the meaning of different perspectives (Schaerer et al.). These psychological barriers helped to determine the underlying motives which are causing hindrance to rational and logical processes. It can be stated that tactical barrier has been listed for the purpose of identifying the cause and effect of the actions of negotiations before and during such disputes. The structural, psychological and tactical barriers has proved to be beneficial in indicating that whether a previous behavior has positive or negative on negotiation policies (McKibben). The identification of such barriers proved to be effective and can be implemented as a learning tool. The barriers of distrust and amity between the owners and the players were mostly demanding. The barrier brought down the fundamental dilemma of trust and power. Since the very beginning the relationship between the parties were not in good terms and was filled with accusations and threat. The players of NHL have accused the owners of concealing the revenue matters and keeping other financial information hidden from them. The players demanded an environment of financial transparency which the owners could not provide. The owners were reluctant in providing the confidential information relating to financial data by stating the fact that being a private enterprise it had no obligation. The NHL being in business has generated revenue of hundreds of millions of dollars every year. This was however the main dispute how was the hockey related revenue (HRR) will be split up between the two parties. The salary of the players were currently %57 of HRR, which is highest among the four major sp orts leagues, however the least popular among them. The owners have been reporting the losses of league-wide operations where only a handful of teams were generating the profit. It has been observed that at multiple times the players have accused the owners of false representation of financial information by denying access to their books. In 2004, Arthur Levitt, former chairman of the Securities and Exchanges Commission was hired by the league in order to audit the books. This was done because of the reason that many players had a doubt regarding the report and have accused the owners of not granting them to access all the information. The players were informed about the details of the report until the day before its release. In order to eliminate the barrier of distrust the idea of using a third party provided great help. Role of Power and Trust: In this regard it can be stated that the process of negotiation takes place in different contexts. The important among them is power and trust. Power penetrates all the distinct features of negotiation. The subject matter of negotiation is ostensive which craves the structure of power contest and the process of tough bargaining (Gomes et al.). The concept of power in undermining the basic framework of negotiation has originated from the traditional background that proposes the fact that negotiation begins with the distribution of certain powers among the different parties (Gunia et al.). Scholars have argued about the concept of trust and its role in determining complex negotiations. The essay will analyze the fact that whether negotiation is a precondition for negotiation or it serves as a goal and strategy in determining the process of negotiation. It is noteworthy to mention here that by entering into negotiations, the players might have thought they were equal in power to the owners and some were of the opinion that they had more power than the owners. However this was a mistake. It can be stated that from the very beginning to the season of cancellation, the majority of powers vested with the owners. The league since time immemorial was tenacious to hold a secure position and did not want to surrender to the players for the third time. The league had proper information as they had access to the financial data. Position- based power was also entrusted to them because being the owners of their respective organizations they have the power over the resources and they can control matters like money, organizational staff and players by creating contracts. References: Chatterjee, Kalyan. "Game theory and the practice of bargaining."Game Theory and Business Applications. Springer US, 2014. 189-206. Gomes, Marco, et al. "Studying the effects of stress on negotiation behavior."Cybernetics and Systems45.3 (2014): 279-291. Gunia, Brian C., et al. "The remarkable robustness of the first-offer effect: Across culture, power, and issues."Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin39.12 (2013): 1547-1558. Hutchison, Michael G., et al. "An observational method to code concussions in the National Hockey League (NHL): the heads-up checklist."Br J Sports Med(2013): bjsports-2012. Kirk, Dan, Gabriele Oettingen, and Peter M. Gollwitzer. "Promoting integrative bargaining: Mental contrasting with implementation intentions."International Journal of Conflict Management24.2 (2013): 148-165. McKibben, Heather Elko. "The effects of structures and power on state bargaining strategies."American Journal of Political Science57.2 (2013): 411-427. Micieli, Robert, and Jonathan A. Micieli. "Factors influencing visor use among players in the National Hockey League (NHL)."Open access journal of sports medicine5 (2014): 43. Schaerer, Michael, Roderick I. Swaab, and Adam D. Galinsky. "Anchors weigh more than power: Why absolute powerlessness liberates negotiators to achieve better outcomes."Psychological science26.2 (2015): 170-181.